Mr. Whelan, a former U.S. Marine, was detained minutes after he was handed a USB stick by a Russian acquaintance that Russia maintains contained a classified list of its security agents. Russia's anti-mercenary legislation defined a mercenary as someone who "takes part [in fighting] with aims counter to the interests of the Russian Federation". In particular, in the town of Bucha, evidence emerged of a massacre of civilians perpetrated by Russian troops, including torture, mutilation, rape, looting and deliberate killings of civilians. [129] Russian state television for the first time showed the funeral of a soldier killed fighting in Ukraine. And, unfortunately, so is its persuasiveness for those who have no access to alternative information. The first eight years of conflict also included naval incidents, cyberwarfare, and heightened political tensions. At first, it allowed Ukrainians to keep their culture and run their local government. After the Russian withdrawal from areas north of Kyiv, overwhelming evidence of war crimes by Russian forces was discovered. [140] US general Philip M. Breedlove said "Russian tanks, Russian artillery, Russian air defence systems and Russian combat troops" had been sighted. [16] The Orange Revolution is often grouped together with other early-21st century protest movements, particularly within the former USSR, known as colour revolutions. Western leaders warned that an invasion was It was shaped by contact with different peoples and a history different from Russias. [26], Following months of protests as part of the Euromaidan movement, on 21 February 2014 Yanukovych and the leaders of the parliamentary opposition signed a settlement agreement that called for early elections. Both Moscow and Kyiv were at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, but with different cultures based on their geography. [232], On the night of 23 February,[233] Zelenskyy gave a speech in Russian in which he appealed to the citizens of Russia to prevent war. By the end of April, Ukraine announced it had lost control of the provinces of Donetsk and Luhansk. [323] In May 2014, Russia-1 aired a story about Ukrainian atrocities using footage of a 2012 Russian operation in North Caucasus. [132], On 3 September, Poroshenko said he and Putin had reached a "permanent ceasefire" agreement. [259] After Putin announced that he would begin conscription drawn from the 300,000 citizens with military training and potentially the pool of about 25 million Russians who could be eligible for conscription, one-way tickets out of the country nearly or completely sold out. In 2017, Ukraine appealed to a court of arbitration over the use of the strait. [22], In 2009, Yanukovych announced his intent to again run for president in the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election,[23] which he subsequently won. [204][200] Zelenskyy, who is Jewish, stated that his grandfather served in the Soviet army fighting against the Nazis;[205] three of his family members were killed in the Holocaust. Putin likely also viewed the West including the U.S., specifically as weak, Pomeranz adds, which could have impacted how much help he thought Ukraine would actually get. Moscow became a local capital of the Mongol Empire. I think he wondered whether, frankly, the Biden administration would be as weak as the Obama administration was in dealing with aggression toward Ukraine., Biden administration officials would beg to differ on the U.S. response. Most Ukrainians disagree. [289][290] The subsequent outbreak of war in the Donbas region forced the suspension of a project to develop Ukraine's own shale gas reserves at the Yuzivska gas field, which had been planned as a way to reduce Ukrainian dependence on Russian gas imports. In February 2022, Putin again claimed that Ukrainians and Russians are one people. Kyiv became part of a new commonwealth that spanned todays Poland and Ukraine. They briefly pressured the capital Tbilisi before withdrawing to separatist regions they still occupy today. ", "The Ukraine conflict and international law", "Stanford's Allen Weiner on the Russian Invasion of Ukraine", "International law and the invasion of Ukraine", "Ukraine: Debunking Russia's legal justifications", "Debunking Russia's international law justifications", "Rusia est fuera de la ley internacional", "Israeli legal experts condemn Ukraine invasion, say it's illegal under international law", "Is international law powerless against Russian aggression in Ukraine? This article has been updated to reflect events in the year since Russia invaded Ukraine. Around 200 prisoners were exchanged on 29 December 2019. Security checkpoints isolated the Crimean Peninsula from the rest of Ukraine and restricted movement within the territory. [270] Arbitrary detention was practiced by both sides in the first years of the conflict. The Law Did Not Treat Them Kindly. Its capital was the city of Kyiv the same Kyiv that is now the capital of Ukraine. [163], In August 2016, the Ukrainian intelligence service, the SBU, published telephone intercepts from 2014 of Sergey Glazyev (Russian presidential adviser), Konstantin Zatulin, and other people in which they discussed covert funding of pro-Russian activists in Eastern Ukraine, the occupation of administration buildings and other actions that triggered the conflict. Curious Kids is a series for children of all ages. Beginning in 2021, Russia built up a large military presence near its border with Ukraine, including within neighbouring Belarus. [321][322] A third segment portrayed the man as a neo-Nazi surgeon. Because of this, a lot of people on both sides of the border do not want to fight a war against each other. (Reuters: Oleksandr Ratushniak) The Russian invasion of Ukraine violated international law (including the Charter of the United Nations). In the months after the fall of Debaltseve, minor skirmishes continued along the line of contact, but no territorial changes occurred. Russian President Vladimir Putin has shared the apparent reason why he did not order a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2014. EXPLAINER: Why Did Russia Invade Ukraine? In 2005 a dispute broke out over control of the Sarych cape lighthouse near Yalta, and a number of other beacons. The Donbas war settled into a violent but static conflict between Ukraine and Russian proxies, with many brief ceasefires but no lasting peace and few changes in territorial control. [68] In the following days, all remaining Ukrainian military bases and installations were surrounded and besieged, including the Southern Naval Base. [190], In the months preceding the invasion, Russian officials accused Ukraine of inciting tensions, Russophobia, and repressing Russian speakers. And yet, there are reasons to believe that a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine might not happen. [183] Since 2019, Russia has issued over 650,000 internal Russian passports to Ukrainians. He rationalized in a 2021 essay that a common history and culture which Ukrainians dispute entitled Russia to exert its influence there. Pro-Russian gunmen in Donetsk, 13 November. Putin's Ukraine invasion do declarations of war still exist? In September 2015 the United Nations Human Rights Office estimated that 8000 casualties had resulted from the conflict. [170] As early as February 2014, Glazyev gave direct instructions to various pro-Russian parties on how to take over local administration offices, what to do afterwards, how to formulate demands, and promised support from Russia, including "sending our guys". In the eight years since then, about 14,000 people have died, and 1 million people have fled to escape the fighting. [225][226] On 22 February, the Federation Council unanimously authorised Putin to use military force outside Russia. [162] Recruiting for Donbas was performed openly via veteran and paramilitary organisations. It marked a turning point in conflict; it was the first battle between the separatists and the Ukrainian government that involved large numbers of Russian "volunteers". [112], On 24 August 2014, Amvrosiivka was occupied by Russian paratroopers,[113] supported by 250 armoured vehicles and artillery pieces. [130] Russian opposition MP Lev Shlosberg made similar statements, although he said combatants from his country are "regular Russian troops", disguised as units of the DPR and LPR. [203][201] Analysts described Putin's rhetoric as greatly exaggerated. [324] In July 2014, Channel One Russia broadcast an interview with a woman who said that a 3-year-old boy who spoke Russian was crucified by Ukrainian nationalists in a fictitious square in Sloviansk that turned out to be false. The General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine reported on Wednesday that Russia is also concentrating its efforts in neighbouring Donetsk province, especially in its bid to capture the key city of Bakhmut. [281] More than 1,200 bodies of civilians were found in the Kyiv region after Russian forces withdrew, some of them summarily executed. Ukraine is not a member of NATO, it doesn't have any of the NATO guarantees, and so there is no hint that Ukraine will become a member of NATO soon.. To the contrary, weve spent months building with allies and partners these very significant consequences for Russia.. Often, Russian troops traveled disguised as Red Cross personnel. The United States and much of Europe are on the side of Ukrainians. [269] The right of movement was impeded for the inhabitants of the conflict zone. [383], At the end of 2021, 75% of Ukrainians said they had a positive attitude toward ordinary Russians, while in May 2022, 82% of Ukrainians said they had a negative attitude toward ordinary Russians. Ukraine's Interior Minister Arsen Avakov said the following day that the explosion had been caused by a bomb. NATO has only gotten more united, more solidified as a result of the threat of Russian aggression, and of course, for defensive reasons, is moving more forces closer to Russia.. [368], Later in March 2014, the reaction of the financial markets to the Crimea annexation was surprisingly mellow, with global financial markets rising immediately after the referendum held in Crimea, one explanation being that the sanctions were already priced in following the earlier Russian incursion. Mr Putin said Russia was intervening as an act of self-defence. Many countries have provided various levels of support to Ukraine short of becoming belligerents in the war, while, parts of four southeast Ukrainian oblasts, Order of battle for the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022present), Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Government and intergovernmental reactions, pro-Russian unrest erupted in eastern and southern Ukraine, recognized the DPR and LPR as independent states, Historical background of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances, On conducting a special military operation, Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, List of equipment used by Russian separatist forces of the war in Donbas, restore control of the Russo-Ukrainian border, speaker of Russia's upper house of parliament, 2014 Russian cross-border shelling of Ukraine, List of Black Sea incidents involving Russia and Ukraine, Prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Disinformation in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Timeline of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, United Nations General Assembly resolution, Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbas, UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, Russian disinformation in the post-Soviet era, International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Ministry of Temporarily Occupied Territories and IDPs, International reactions to the war in Donbas, Kyiv International Institute of Sociology, List of foreign aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War, List of invasions and occupations of Ukraine, Belarusian involvement in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, temporary occupation of Crimea and Sevastopol by Russia, Russian movie about the annexation of Crimea, "Maps: Tracking the Russian Invasion of Ukraine", "The War in Ukraine Is Just Getting Started", Revisiting Ukraine's Nuclear Past Will Not Help Secure Its Future, "Issue Brief #3: The Breach: Ukraine's Territorial Integrity and the Budapest Memorandum", Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, "On assurances without guarantees in a 'shelved document', "With Courage and Persistence: Eliminating and Securing Weapons of Mass Destruction with the Nunn-Luger Cooperative Threat Reduction Programs", "NATO's Eastward Expansion: Is Vladimir Putin Right? According to its results: "Eighty-two percent of those polled said they fully supported Crimea's inclusion in Russia, and another 11 percent expressed partial support. To bolster his depleted forces President Putin announced Russia's first mobilisation since World War Two, although it was partial and limited to some 300,000 Moscow, capital of todays Russia, was also part of Kyivan Rus. Ukrainian soldiers removing the body of a Russian soldier near the front line in Ukraines northeastern Kharkiv region in November. We know that he genuinely reviles the expansion of NATO eastward. [288] Following the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War in February 2014, severe tensions extended to the gas sector. [363] [34] This threat forced Ukraine to divert forces to its borders instead of the conflict zone. [10][11], The 2004 Ukrainian presidential election was controversial. ", "Western nations scramble to contain fallout from Ukraine crisis", "Is it too late for Kyiv to woo Russian-speaking Ukraine? What Biden learned the last time Putin invaded Ukraine. [243][244], Russian attacks were initially launched on a northern front from Belarus towards Kyiv, anorth-eastern front towards Kharkiv, asouthern front from Crimea, and asouth-eastern front from Luhansk and Donetsk. The following day, Yanukovych resurfaced in Russia and in a press conference declared that he remained the acting president of Ukraine, just as Russia was beginning its overt military campaign in Crimea. 1. [338][339][329] According to journalist Natalia Antonova, "Russia's present-day war of aggression is refashioned by propaganda into a direct continuation of the legacy of the millions of Russian soldiers who died to stop" Nazi Germany in World War II. [57][58], On 20 February 2014, Russia began an annexation of Crimea. [160][161], Cases of killed and wounded Russian soldiers were discussed in local Russian media. ", "Ukraine parliament removes Yanukovich, who flees Kyiv in "coup", "Yanukovich poshel po stopam Yushchenko sudy opyat' otbirayut mayaki u rossiyskikh voyennykh", "Russian anger as Ukraine seizes lighthouse", "Bound by treaty: Russia, Ukraine, and Crimea", " 25 ". Russia is mustering its military might in the Luhansk region of Ukraine in what Kyiv suspects is preparation for an offensive in the coming weeks as the anniversary of Moscow's invasion approaches. A man sits outside his destroyed building after bombings on the eastern Ukraine town of Chuguiv, on Feb. 24, 2022. ', "Full Translation: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's Feb. 23 Speech", "Kremlin Says Ukraine Rebels Have Asked Russia for 'Help' Against Kyiv", "Russia's Putin authorises 'special military operation' against Ukraine", "Fact check: Do Vladimir Putin's justifications for going to war against Ukraine add up? [255] In the first week of the invasion, the UN reported over a million refugees had fled Ukraine; this subsequently rose to over 7,405,590 by 24 September, a reduction from over eight million due to some refugees' return. On 1 March, the Russian legislature approved the use of armed forces, leading to an influx of Russian troops and military hardware into the peninsula. Unfortunately, NATO believes it is at war with Russia. Ukrainian soccer player Taras Stepanenko still remembers the intense fear he felt as he heard the sound of gunfire and explosions during the initial days of Russia's full scale invasion of Ukraine. Bowman echoes this sentiment and points to how the U.S. handled pulling troops out of Afghanistan in August. Stay informed daily on the latest news and advice on COVID-19 from the editors at U.S. News & World Report. In previous years, between 2014 and 2017, the U.S. House of Representatives passed amendments banning support of Azov, but due to pressure from the Pentagon, the amendments were quietly lifted. Democracy stands., Tags: Ukraine, Russia, United States, NATO. In the 1500s, descendants of the Kyivan Rus princes in Moscow formed an empire of their own, imperial Russia. The Ukrainian Defence Ministry said that they had seized two of the unit's armoured vehicles near Luhansk, and reported destroying another three tanks and two armoured vehicles in other regions. [107], In response to the deteriorating situation, Russia abandoned its hybrid approach, and began a conventional invasion on 25 August 2014. As Russian forces begin an all-out assault on Ukraine after months of troop buildup and failed diplomatic efforts by the U.S. and its European allies to head off [75][76] Russian involvement at this stage was limited to voicing support for the demonstrations. The Russo-Ukrainian conflict has also included elements of hybrid warfare using non-traditional means. [27][28][29][30] On 23 February, the parliament adopted a bill to repeal the 2012 law which gave Russian language an official status. Here are some of them. [190] The US released multiple reports that accurately predicted the invasion plans. [186] Throughout, the Russian government repeatedly denied it had plans to attack Ukraine. Putin invaded, and this time his plan is to take over the entire country. [351] On 1 March, he warned, "Military intervention would be the beginning of war and the end of any relations between Ukraine and Russia. [21] By January 2022, the possibility of Ukraine joining NATO remained remote. To understand the friction between Russia and Ukraine, it's important to go back to 1991. [128], The speaker of Russia's upper house of parliament and Russian state television channels acknowledged that Russian soldiers entered Ukraine, but referred to them as "volunteers". [208] The demand for a formal treaty preventing Ukraine from joining NATO was rejected by Western officials as it would contravene the treaty's "open door" policy, although NATO made no efforts to comply with Ukraine's requests to join. [158] In 2017, on average one Ukrainian soldier died in combat every three days,[159] with an estimated 6,000 Russian and 40,000 separatist troops in the region. Russia had amassed up to 190,000 troops according to reports from the U.S. on Ukraines borders over the course of many months. Armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine since 2014, This article is about the war ongoing since 2014. [31] The bill was not enacted,[32] however, the proposal provoked negative reactions in the Russian-speaking regions of Ukraine,[33] intensified by Russian media saying that the ethnic Russian population was in imminent danger.[34]. [325], In June 2014, several Russian state news outlets reported that Ukraine was using white phosphorus using 2004 footage of white phosphorus being used by the United States in Iraq. [294], In 2015, Russian state media reported that Russia planned to completely abandon gas supplies to Europe through Ukraine after 2018. [245][246] In the northern front, amidst heavy losses and strong Ukrainian resistance surrounding Kyiv, Russia's advance stalled in March, and by April its troops retreated. Does that matter? [198] He incorrectly stated that Vladimir Lenin had created Ukraine, by carving a separate Soviet Republic out of what Putin said was Russian land, that Joseph Stalin extended Ukrainian territory with lands from other eastern European countries following the Second World War, and that Nikita Khrushchev "took Crimea away from Russia for some reason and gave it to Ukraine" in 1954. According to Anthony Cordesman, Russian military officers viewed such colour revolutions as an attempt by the US and European states to destabilise neighbouring countries and undermine Russia's national security. [224] The same evening, Putin directed that Russian troops deploy into Donbas, in what Russia referred to as a "peacekeeping mission". ", "In a Kyiv Suburb,'They Shot Everyone They Saw', "U.N. For months, the world was left guessing about what Russian President Vladimir Putin was up to with Ukraine . They Refused to Fight for Russia. [381], According to polls, the Russian Presidents rating rose from 71% on the eve of the invasion to 82% in March 2023. I think it's his magnum opus, she says. But when the Soviets began to fear that Ukrainians wanted independence, they took their power away. Instead, its poorly equipped and led forces were beaten back by highly motivated and Western-backed Ukrainian troops, which reclaimed much of He also worried that Ukraine would join a military alliance with the U.S. and Europe that would be a threat to Russia. [61] On 27 February, Russian forces without insignias began their advance into the Crimean Peninsula. In February, with the first anniversary of Russias invasion of Ukraine days away, officials in Kyiv were busy making plans to attack Moscow. [386][387] In addition, it has been suggested that some respondents did not want to answer pollsters' questions for fear of negative consequences. He sees Ukrainians and Russians as brother nations and says that because Maj. [126], The Pskov-based 76th Guards Air Assault Division allegedly entered Ukrainian territory in August and engaged in a skirmish near Luhansk, suffering 80 dead. [365][366][367] The Russian central bank hiked interest rates and intervened in the foreign exchange markets to the tune of $12billion[clarification needed] to try to stabilize its currency. Only 4 percent spoke out against it. Total casualties, including the wounded, on Russias side are thought to be closer to 200,000, according to The New York Times, citing Western officials. A revolution in February 1917 forced Russias leader, Czar Nicholas II, from the throne. [211][212] There was a sharp increase in artillery shelling by the Russian-led militants in Donbas, which was considered by Ukraine and its allies to be an attempt to provoke the Ukrainian army or create a pretext for invasion. (ARIS MESSINIS/AFP via Getty Images). Russia started growing its military presence around Ukraine including in Belarus, a close Russia ally to the north of Ukraine in late 2021 under various pretenses while remaining vague on its intentions. [52][53][54][55] The invasion has also been called a crime of aggression under international criminal law[56] and under some countries' domestic criminal codes including those of Ukraine and Russia although procedural obstacles exist to prosecutions under these laws. The controversial project, which runs from Russia through Europe, is not yet online but is pivotal to both Moscow and Western Europe, which is becoming increasingly dependent on Russian supply to fulfill its growing energy needs. That followed an executive order he issued prohibiting new investment, trade and financing by U.S. persons to, from or in Donetsk and Luhansk. The country reclaimed its spot atop the list after a one-year hiatus, while the United States moved up again in the annual rankings. '[138] On 4 September 2014, a NATO officer said that several thousand regular Russian forces operating in Ukraine.[139]. [104] Ukraine's National Security and Defence Council reported that convoys were arriving almost daily in November (up to 9 convoys on 30 November) and that their contents were mainly arms and ammunition. Share. [157] Another 2015 estimate held that Ukrainian forces outnumbered Russian forces 40,000 to 20,000. In April 2014, armed pro-Russian separatists seized government buildings in Ukraine's eastern Donbas region and proclaimed the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR) as independent states, starting the Donbas war. On 7 and 12 November, NATO officials reconfirmed the Russian presence, citing 32 tanks, 16 howitzer cannons and 30 trucks of troops entering the country. [256][257], Ukrainian forces launched counteroffensives in the south in August, and in the northeast in September. We know he resents the success of NATO. Russia under the dubious claim of protecting ethnic Russians and Russian-speakers from Ukrainian persecution annexed the Crimea region of Ukraine in a move widely condemned by the international community. It appeared headed towards Ukrainian-held Mariupol,[117][118][119][120][121] in an area that had not seen pro-Russian presence for weeks. [372] As broken down by native language, 79% of Russian speakers and 95% of Ukrainian speakers opposed the intervention. [169], The volunteers were issued a document claiming that their participation was limited to "offering humanitarian help" to avoid Russian mercenary laws. [40] The statement was, however, regarded as a declaration of war by the Ukrainian government[41] and reported as such by many international news sources. The buildup of forces around Russia's neighbor and former Soviet Union state started in late 2021 and escalated in early 2022. [76][77] Russia exploited this, however, launching a coordinated political and military campaign against Ukraine. The separatists declared the People's Republics of Donetsk and Luhansk. [153][154] Between 2014 and 2022 there were 29 ceasefires, each agreed to remain in force indefinitely. One set of graves outside Luhansk was dug when intense fighting in 2014 cut off the electricity in the local morgue. The U.S. president also ordered sanctions against the Russian-built Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline company and its corporate officers on Feb. 23, prior to the invasion. 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Ukraine", "Kyiv's gas strategy: closer cooperation with Gazprom or a genuine diversification", "Russia, Ukraine escalate 'gas war' as Europe draws 'map of fear', "Russia-Ukraine gas deal secures EU winter supply", "Blast at Ukraine gas pipeline said due to bomb, security increased", "Russia's gas pipelines to Europe by 2018", "Gas supplies to bypass Ukraine from 2019 Gazprom", "Russian Gas Transit Across Ukraine Post-2019 pipeline scenarios, gas flow consequences, and regulatory constraints", "Russia, Ukraine sign gas transit deal ahead of deadline", "Europe is under attack from Putin's energy weapon", "TurkStream natural gas pipeline to impact region's gas flow", "Russia Launches Into New Export Territory With TurkStream Natural-Gas Pipeline", "Biden Says He Waived Nord Stream Sanctions Because It's Finished", "Putin-Biden Summit Set for June 16 in Geneva", "Exclusive: Zelensky "surprised" and "disappointed" by Biden pipeline move", "U.S. urges Ukraine to stay quiet on Russian pipeline", "U.S.-German Deal on Russia's Nord Stream 2 Pipeline Expected Soon", "Germany to announce deal on Nord Stream 2 pipeline in coming days -sources", "Nord Stream 2: Ukraine and Poland slam deal to complete controversial gas pipeline", "Germany and US reach truce over Nord Stream 2 pipeline", "Nord Stream 2 overshadows EU leaders' Ukraine trip", "Ukraine insists Nord Stream 2 is 'dangerous' despite German reassurances", "Ukraine gas chief urges Europe to resist Russia pressure on Nord Stream 2", "Ukraine demands sanctions on Russia's Gazprom after Kyiv loses gas imports", " : ", "Inside The Ukrainian 'Hacktivist' Network Cyberbattling The Kremlin", "P'yata kolona v Ukrayini: zahroza derzhavnosti", "Rosiyska "p'yata kolona" prosyt sud zaboronyty Yanukovychu pidpysuvaty uhodu pro asotsiatsiyu z YES", "Onlayn kazyno Ukrayiny 2021 X Internet-kazyno na hroshi", "Ukraine War: Russia Is Running an Orwellian Propaganda Campaign", "Russia TV stations air 'impostor' protester in two 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crisis drags on", "The 'Death Cult' Keeping Russia in Ukraine", "Elimination of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance", "Ruska rezolucija u UN-u posluila da se SAD i Ukrajina predstave kao nacistike drave | Raskrikavanje", "Explanation of Vote at the Third Committee Adoption of the Combating Glorification of Nazism", "Shitposting Shiba Inu Accounts Chased a Russian Diplomat Offline", "NATO jets scramble in response to Russian aircraft over Baltic and Black Sea", "Russia accuses Nato of 'proxy war' in Ukraine as US hosts crucial defence summit: Ukraine dismisses Sergei Lavrov's war comments as diplomats gather in Germany for US-hosted talks to navigate 'critical' phase", "Russia doesn't consider itself to be at war with NATO, Lavrov says", "Ukraine: Boris Johnson rejects 'NATO proxy war' allegations, as Russia cuts gas supplies", "With NATO and the US in a 'proxy war' with Russia, ex-CIA boss Leon Panetta says Joe Biden's next move is crucial", "Dam leaves 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"What is Russia doing in Ukraine, and what can West do about it?
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