Around the time Ifeoma gets her visa, Father Amadi is sent on a mission to Germany. Adichie uses him to expose the beastly nature of most extremely religious parent whose religious dogma has robbed them of their sanity and humanity, of their human feelings for others. Imagine what the Standard would be if we were all quiet. It was a joke. She is terrified of displeasing Papa, so she works hard at school and sticks closely to the detailed and inflexible schedule Papa creates for her and her brother. ANALYSIS OF PURPLE HIBISCUS Olawumi Nana. When Papa beats her, she neither resists nor complains. She is able to develop her own values from the world views of his parents. It sounded strange, as if I were listening to the recorded laughter of a stranger being played back. The Question and Answer section for Purple Hibiscus is a great Papa begrudgingly agrees. Aunty Ifeoma and Mama are actually two very different women. February 15, 2023 analysis, chimanamada, prose. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. is upset that her mother didnt tell her earlier, but Obiora remains calm and collected. A young missionary priest based in the chaplaincy in Nsukka. Hes affable and warm, and he seems surprised by how quiet Papas children are. At dinner the next few days Papas hands seem to be shaking. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. I'm not sure what specifically you are referring to. Chukwuka Jaja Achike is the older son of the Achikes. Ade Coker was laughing; so was his wife, Yewanda. Overtime, Amaka and Kambili come to understand one another and a sisterly bond is forged through adversity. At first, Kambili thinks that only the loud, obvious ways are heard from her experiences with her father and aunt. However, when Papa's abuse continues and worsens, it pushes Mama to her breaking point. Both the central character and narrator in the novel, Kambili is the younger of Achike Eugene and Beatrice Eugenes children. Indeed, Kambilis realisation of her true self begins at Nsukka, where she gains the voice to fight back and where she has the gut to fall in love with a liberal reverend father, Father Amadi. says that she had to use the pilgrimage to Aokpe to convince him to let. These influences lead to a slow and steady opening of his eyes to the value of resisting unjust rulers, even when that ruler is one's own father. Chukwuka "Jaja" Achike feels protective of both his mother and sister in the face of Papa's violent authoritarianism at home. Mama told us. She is a quiet, shy, obedient fifteen-year-old who lives in constant fear of her father's wrath. He notices that one of Jajas fingers is disfigured, and he asks what happened. Kambili is a good student, rising to the top of her class. Purple Hibiscus Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie The most important themes in 'Purple Hibiscus' have some quotes that support them. We had not gone in Abba because Papa did not like to make his confession in Igbo, and besides, Papa said that the parish priest in Abba was not spiritual enough. Ifeoma is widowed, caring for three children on a meager salary. As articles in the Standard are growing more critical and questioning, the other papers read at family time seem more subdued than usual. Like Kambili, he is studious and meticulous, and he lives in fear of any deviation from perfection. You would never see white people doing that. Mama comes to Nsukka, limping out of a cab. Jaja has refused to go to church and receive communion. Before Palm Sunday, consists of twelve chapters while the third and fourth (THE PIECES OF GODS: After Palm Sunday and A DIFFERENT SILENCE: The Present) comprise chapters three and one respectively. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. He had seemed immortal. The characters in the novel are a representation of the new breed of people, with divergent beliefs and cultures in a new political era, all trying to address socio-political and cultural issues depending on . (including. Instant downloads of all 1725 LitChart PDFs The main character who narrates the story of her familys disintegration. Papa has died. year. Mama is silent now, wracked with grief. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. The second is the date of Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Purple Hibiscus tells the story of a little girl from Nigeria named Kambili and how she overcomes her father Eugene, who was a religious tyrant, controlling every aspect of Kambili's life and the rest of her family as well. In the subsequent chapters of the novel, Adichie gives an account of the choking atmosphere that has engulfed the household, a result of Papas highhandedness and blind religious fanaticism. beginning of the book. Although he respects and obeys his fathers headship of the family, he dislikes his religious extremity. More books than SparkNotes. (including. Back at home Jaja and Obiora go off to play soccer, and. Or do these events represent a false hope that has been a part of the Achike family for most of their lives? Chima is the baby and does not yet have many responsibilites. She learns to live quietly, ask no questions, and speak in ways that please Papaor not speak at all. Suddenly, to help buy the plane tickets, so they will go to Enugu with Jaja and, comments about the missionaries now coming from darkest Africa to reconvert Europe. Course Hero. I should have taken care of Mama. God knows best, I said. In the novel, Purple Hibiscus, Adichie clearly portrays the conflicting oppression of Kambili's patriarchal household - where she is ordered to follow a strict 'schedule' - to the realisation of an almost 'holiday' like freedom she is exposed to when visiting Aunty Ifeoma and her family. Ifeoma's children openly speak their opinions. During Mass. Kambili retreats into silence even in Nsukka. She says that it must be because of, emerges from the crowd, and as she walks past the tree seems to shake. The narrator, Kambili, takes a reader through the psychology of the characters and explores them in different ways. Adamu. Papa is beloved in his community but is estranged from his own father and his traditional African culture. Papa is a study in contradictions. Purple Hibiscus Study Guide. Kambili is a quiet child. Purple Hibiscus Summary and Analysis of Chapter Three. Already a member? The familys lawyers recently informed, Ifeoma sends cassette tapes of her familys voices to Jaja. When she leaves Nigeria to teach in the United States, she maintains regular correspondence with both of them. Everyone talks and laughs loudly as they eat, and Aunty Ifeoma jokes with her children. When Kambili stays with Aunty Ifeoma, she and Father Amadi begin a friendship that moves quickly toward the fringes of romance. down on the floor and says that Ifeoma has come with her university talk again. Purple hibiscus reflects the theme of identity. Then a student always recites the pledge. Another important character in the novel is Aunty Ifeoma, a single parent of three children whose form of upbringing contrasts with that of her uncles. Papa is a prominent figure in Enugu. Kambili and Jaja are allowed to see him for fifteen minutes every Christmas, but only under the close watch of the familys driver, Kevin. Purple Hibiscus essays are academic essays for citation. You should strive for perfection. Accessed May 1, 2023. https://www.coursehero.com/lit/Purple-Hibiscus/. Copyright 2016. a hastily packed bag and says that Papa has agreed to let Kevin drive them. Sometimes he plays them when, the bribe of money theyve hidden in the bag of food. "Purple Hibiscus Summary". He is a radical catholic whose religious extremism has blinded him from the realities of his families. You will see them. That is what you do to yourself when you walk into sin. Character Analysis Of Purple Hibiscus 838 Words | 4 Pages. Ifeoma finally snaps at them to help clean, and. Purple Hibiscus. in his tea since before she came to Nsukka. The rigid life that is shaped by her father renders her mute. Adichie was born as the fifth of sixth children and raised in Nsukka, Nigeria. When plate washing one day, Amaka mocks, Jaja makes a comment about the British losing many battles before their overall victory, and. Aunty Ifeoma quickly says that Jaja had an accident, and she sends Chima away. He is deeply protective of his mother and sister, often taking the blame for them when Papa gets angry. When Father Amadi is reassigned to a new location by the Catholic authorities, he and Kambili bid each other an emotional goodbye. She looked like a football coach who had done a good job with her team and was satisfied to stand next to the eighteen-yard box and watch. -although Kambili is seemingly under her father's thumb, in her mind she is now free of his influence. While an abuser in private, Papa is a philanthropist in public. We did not know Aunty Ifeoma or her children very well because she and Papa had quarreled about Papa-Nnukwu. Father Amadi banters with him and Amaka, but then points out, Father Amadi leaves, and Aunty Ifeoma tells. Aunty Ifeoma deflects his question quickly, which is how Kambili discovers that Jaja told her about their father. And then I screamed. Little wonder, the home of the Achikes has always been termed, In terms of style, Adichies novel, entitled, Palm Sunday contains just one chapter; the second, SPEAKING WITH OUR SPIRITS. His abuse leads to permanent disfigurement for Jaja and miscarriages for Mama. GradeSaver, 12 May 2012 Web. They leave and drop off Papa-Nnukwu. Eventually, Kambili and Amaka warm up to each other. Jaja helps Mama pick up the pieces of the figurines, and, None of the usual Sunday routines take place: Mama doesnt plait, title he invented. Or do these events represent a false hope that has been a part of the Achike family for most of their lives? happily, half-jokingly offering them food even though he knows they are forbidden to eat there. The Standard is the only paper that dares to tell the truth these days. Yes, Aunty Ifeoma said. 23. He sings along with Igbo praise songs in his car and includes singing in his sermons and prayers. The second date is today's when he opens it at the breakfast table with his family he is blown up. The two main settings used are Kambili's hometown in Enugu and a small town in Nsukka. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. sister, he takes it and builds on it. Kambili and Jaja decide not to tell Papa that they are sharing a home with a heathen. Kambili witnesses her grandfathers morning ritual of innocence, where he offers thanks to his gods and proclaims his good deeds. He is a supportive ally of Papas, praising him constantly as one of the pillars of the community. The following week is Palm Sunday, when Jaja refuses to go to church. It is not right. Jaja and I said nothing. Sisi, the familys servant, brings in the food and they eat, though, bad signPapa prefers everyone in the family to speak English, so as to sound civilized., he was voted neatest junior boy at school, which pleased Papa greatly. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. She dreams that she will take Jaja to America to visit Aunty Ifeoma, together they will plant orange trees in Abba, and purple hibiscuses will bloom again. After both his sister and mother are hospitalized from beatings, Jaja begins to rebel. Papa is celebrated for his generosity in Abba as well. PART ONE - BREAKING GODS: PALM SUNDAY. He poured the hot water on my feet, slowly, as if he were conducting an experiment and wanted to see what would happen. I'm not sure what specifically you are referring to. Aunty Ifeoma led me to the bed. Amaka. Mama, the mother of Kambili and Jaja, is kind and caring but also incredibly stoic and obedient to Papa. She has tried to tell everyone that she is to blame for the murder, but her confession has fallen on deaf ears. So quiet. They are not like those loud children people are raising these days, with no home training and no fear of God, Papa said, and I was certain that it was pride that stretched Papas lips and tightened his eyes. He does it, and Father Amadi praises him, saying that it is a useful skill. But she will bring them this year. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. When Kambili is sick with cramps during a religious fast, she secretly encourages her to eat something to help absorb her pain medication. In what ways are Aunty Ifeoma and Mama similar? The extremely religious father is so angry that he flings his heavy missal across the room and breaks figurines. Purple hibiscus is a coming of age story for the central characters Kambili. -by the same token, the hibiscus comes across as powerless and domestic, when in reality it is secretly wild and free. He was crying now, tears streaming down his face I watched the water leave the kettle, flowing almost in slow motion in an arc to my feet. He says that Jaja and, two gas cylinders in the car, along with lots of food. The tea was always too hot, always burned my tongue, and if lunch was something peppery, my raw tongue suffered. The way the content is organized. The first difference to note is how much wealth the Achike family possesses. He is questioning and mature and delights in intellectual debate. Kambilis brother, who is about two years older than her. Jaja laughed. Papa changed his accent when he spoke, sounding British, just as he did when he spoke to Father Benedict. Apart from all the characters examined above, we are also presented with Papa-Nnukwu, an old man and father to Achike Eugene and Aunty Ifeoma, who suffers unduly because of his religious belief. and open way of thinking. the freezer, as meat has started to go bad because of all the power outages. Kambili Achike She is a fifteen-year-old girl who is shy and quiet. McKeever, Christine. Mama is a quiet and religious woman, accustomed to obeying the rule of her husband. Obviously, Adichie deliberately places the setting of the novel in Kambilis minds and action, thereby leading us through her journey from innocence to self-awareness, from the ideal to reality, from imprisonment to freedom. The next day is Sunday, and the family plans to go to early Mass. Purple Hibiscus Chapter 1 Summary & Analysis. Kambilis father, Papa (Eugene Achike) is a strict authoritarian whose strict adherence to Catholicism overshadows his paternal love. Struggling with distance learning? 24. Purple Hibiscus Analysis. Papa-Nnukwu falls ill while Kambili and Jaja are visiting Nsukka, and they finally get to know him better during his last days. Outspoken on matters of politics, she eventually pays the price for speaking the truth when she is let go from her job at the university and must go to America for work. And as we all know, silence is usually associated with gloom and doom, with fear, death, with the graveyard, all of these are, no doubt, responsible for the childrens introverted tendency, especially kambili who has never experienced what it really means to be cheerful, to be truly happy until she meets her cousins. Anikwenwa. Course Hero. Read the Study Guide for Purple Hibiscus, The Power of Setting in "Purple Hibiscus" by Chimamanda Adichie, Fathers and Sons in Purple Hibiscus and Things Fall Apart, View the lesson plan for Purple Hibiscus, View Wikipedia Entries for Purple Hibiscus. Because the Igbo are a patriarchal society, marriage holds theutmost significance in order to procreate and continue the family line. After dinner, Papa summons Kambili upstairs. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Father Amadi is a young Nigerian priest who is good friends with Aunty Ifeoma and her family. Although Aunty Ifeoma encourages her to consider leaving the marriage, Mama believes it would be worse for her to leave. Ifeoma and Amaka are both wearing bright red lipstick. Kambili lives with her older brother Jaja (Chukwuku Achike), a teenager who, like his sister, excels at school but is withdrawn and sullen. Amaka is critical of her cousins wealth and meekness. Ade Cokers death in the novel easily brings to mind the infamous brutal murder of the Nigerian newspaper icon, Dele Giwa. Purple Hibiscus Summary and Analysis of Chapter One. Papa makes the final decision, but he usually chooses Mamas favorite shade of beige. They spend a great deal of time together when she visits Nsukka, and they grow very close. The girls at school assume she is a snob because she doesnt socialize and always runs straight to her fathers car after class. When the story begins, Kambili is fifteen years old and painfully shy. She has a deep and genuine religious faith that is more than just a product of her father's upbringing. What Kambili fails to notice in the story the readers too cannot see. Although Father Amadi certainly has feelings for Kambili, he cannot act on them. Kambili is devastated to lose him, and they promise to write to each other. Because Ifeoma is widowed, Obiora considers himself the man of the house and takes a protective role toward his mother and siblings. And rather than leave her husband, she chooses a permanent solutionpoison. Papa has beaten her again, causing another miscarriage. And then I saw her, the Blessed Virgin: an image in the pale sun, a red glow on the back of my hand, a smile on the face of the rosary-bedecked man whose arm rubbed against mine. "Purple Hibiscus Study Guide." Weakened by what the children believe is stress, he allows them to go to Nsukka. But she takes her children back with her. I should have taken care of Mama. After each beating she ritually polishes a set of figurines. She is a university lecturer, and she encourages her children to be critical, ask questions, and challenge themselves. Purple Hibiscus Summary Purple Hibiscus takes place in Enugu, a city in post-colonial Nigeria, and is narrated by the main character, Kambili Achike. Papa calls his father a heathen because he still follows the religious traditions of his people, the Igbo. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." He finally demands that he and Kambili spend Easter with their cousins. Jaja is rational and protective and more outgoing than his sister. Its your father. Because he will not convert, Papa has refused to allow Papa-Nnukwu to come into his home. However, on a trip to Nuskka, she lives with her aunt who views life more open-mindedly, thus giving her a new . Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. The Purple Hibiscus study guide contains a biography of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. She has no hobbies, no friends other than Jaja, and no goals other than to keep her father happy and maintain peace at home. She wears her hair short and her clothes tight, and she often wears bright lipstick. He decides to go to the evening Mass instead of the usual morning one. She is liberal and outspoken but also a devout Catholic. good kid, and I think later on in the book he will perhaps stand up to his Mama fires him after Papa dies. The sun turned white, the color and shape of the host. The entire story is told from her point of view. and people dressed as mmuo, or spirits, parade past while hawkers sell food and drinks. Purple Hibiscus Character List Kambili Achike The main character who narrates the story of her family's disintegration. Upload them to earn free Course Hero access! Papa, Eugene Achike, is a wealthy and famous factory owner, newspaper . Told in this manner, the novel adopts the non-linear plot structure. The way the content is organized. Initially, she dislikes Kambili and is envious of her. The University is beset by fuel shortages, pay stoppages, strikes at medical clinics, blackouts, and rising food prices. Jajas defiance seemed to me now like Aunty Ifeomas experimental purple hibiscus: rare, fragrant with the undertones of freedom, a different kind of freedom from the one the crowds waving green leaves chanted at Government Square after the coup. Have a love sip, he would say, and Jaja would go first. A few days later, Mama calls. -Graham S. A young, handsome Nigerian priest who is friends with, The white, British, conservative Catholic priest at St. Agnes. Purple Hibiscus Character Analysis. Charmed by the light atmosphere of Aunty Ifeomas house, Kambili, the girl-narrator observes: Laughter always rang out in Aunty Ifeomas house, (148). They come to the University of Nigeria, where Kevin asks for directions. Father Amadi asks. Web. One sip. The phone rings early the next morning, and. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Jaja is a good man. Beatrices motherhood is brought to the fore as she shoulders the highest form of the domestic violence perpetrated by Papa, her husband. Kambili is the novel's narrator. Often, she says nothing at all to other characters, only revealing to readers what she wishes she had said. Her crush on Father Amadi intensifies and she begins to break out of her shell more, learning how to laugh and to join in the Igbo songs. The Plot An oil company operating in Erhuwaren brings an amount of money to be shared by all the village dwellers. Kambili and Jaja take comfort in the painting of Papa-Nnukwu. take turns bathing and then Aunty Ifeoma makes a breakfast that seems paltry compared to, the ignition when going downhill. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Kambili Achike appears in, During this praise Papas face remains emotionless, and. Aunty Ifeomas eldest son, fourteen years old. He is respectful of his Nigerian roots, incorporating native Igbo songs of worship into his sermons. The baby was nearby, in a high chair. Aunty Ifeomas eldest daughter, fifteen years old. 2273 Words10 Pages. He is arrested, and he serves several years in jail before Kambili and Mama are able to orchestrate his release through bribery. Plot Overview. The book hits a shelf containing his wifes beloved figurines. Course Hero. Eventually, she comes to realize that her feelings toward him are romantic lovean entirely new experience for her. Aunty Ifeoma invites Kambili and Jaja to visit so they can go on a pilgrimage to Aokpe, site of a miraculous apparition of the Virgin Mary. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. And Jaja tries to keep Papa happy by saying and doing the correct things. Look how Obiora balances Aunty Ifeomas family on his head, and I am older that he is. More books than SparkNotes. However, Catholic priests' vows of celibacy prevent them from engaging in romantic relationships. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Jaja points out that Mamas scarf has come undone. An intelligent, sensitive and revolutionary young man and two years older than his sister, Kambili, Chuwuka is nicknamed Jaja since his childhood owing to his linguistic incompetence common with children grabbling with speech. Do Jajas upcoming release from prison and the death of the Head of State both represent hope for the family and for Nigeria? Father Benedict sees Catholicism as a rigid set of rules, like, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Kambili Achike depicts a life filled with trauma, as her father's violent and cruel punishments for "sin" cause lasting bodily and emotional harm. We did not scale the rod because we believed we could, we scaled it because we were terrified that we couldnt. A prominent man in the Achikes village of Enugu, Papa runs several successful factories and publishes an English-language newspaper infamous for its criticism of Nigerias corrupt government. When Papa demands that Kambili and Jaja come home in a rush, Ifeoma gives Jaja some purple hibiscuses to plant in Enugu. In what ways are Aunty Ifeoma and Mama similar? Even Eugenes money will not buy everything. I was reading somewhere that Amnesty World is giving your brother an award, Father Amadi said. Aged fifteen nearly through the entire plot of the novel, she is a keen observer, brilliant, collected and gentle. that from the top you can see how God laid out the hills of Nsukka. This behavior carries over outside her house as well. Although Papa is abusive, Kambili admires him and is proud of his charitable actions in the community. Have you no words in your mouth? he asked, entirely in Igbo. His wife was spooning Cerelac into the babys mouth. As she becomes familiar with Kambili and Jaja, Ifeoma begins to better understand her brothers tyranny and becomes protective of his children. Papa also refuses to allow his own father in his home, because Papa-Nnukwu refuses to convert to Catholicism. In contrast to Father Benedict, the traditionalist priest at St. Agnes, Father Amadi brings Igbo language, song, and culture into his Catholic faith and practice. However, with the leadership in Nigeria now changing again, their lawyers are confident that Jaja will be released. Sisi helped her get the poison. She shows them it is possible to be Catholic and accept those who are not Catholic. The story of ' Purple Hibiscus' depicts a contrast in religious beliefs, cultural beliefs, race, gender roles, and family. Unlike Papa, Aunty Ifeoma encourages her children to question authority, raising them with faith but also intellectual curiosity. It remains difficult for Kambili to read, even though her exams are approaching, as she keeps seeing Mama 's blood in the letters. Course Hero. Today the sister chooses, The students go into their classrooms and a girl named Ezinne asks, the way to their own home in Lagos. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. She is terrified of displeasing Papa, so she works hard at school and sticks closely to the detailed and inflexible schedule Papa creates for her and her brother. When she comes to, she requests that Aunty Ifeoma be sent for. Aunty Ifeoma is indeed an epitome of a determined, moderate and responsible parenthood. They understood each other, using the sparest words. shaking. as tall as Papa is, and walks and speaks quickly and with purpose. When the family arrives home from . Kambili, her seventeen-year-old brother Jaja, and their parentsPapa and Mamainhabit a huge house inside a walled compound. During her nap that day, that running away wont solve anything. Papa arrives the next day to pick up Mama, Jaja, and. As she opens herself up to these new types of relationships, she also learns to speak more comfortably. He follows the example of his younger cousin Obiora, concocting his own rite of initiation out of helping his family, tending a garden and killing a chicken. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Purple Hibiscus as a novel is dressed with all the constitutive elements inherent in the novel genre, namely, plot, characterization, them. Papa was staring pointedly at Jaja. In the community, he is viewed as a pillar of industry, a leader in the church, a generous philanthropist, and an advocate for human rights. Amaka, like Kambilis classmates, assumes her cousin is a privileged snob since she does not know how to contribute to household chores. She says that soldiers have taken Ade away. While privately a tyrant, Papa runs a newspaper that is one of the few willing to be openly critical of the tyrannical government. Through his joy and warm spirit, Kambili learns that both family and faith are more complicated than what she has been taught. You burn your feet, he said. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Word Count: 1235. Over the course of the story, he is arrested several times, and he receives constant threats for publishing materials that go against the government. After dinner they say the rosary, and Father Amadi sings an Igbo praise song. What? There was a shadow clouding Papas eyes, a shadow that had been in Jajas eyes. Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie explores the themes of religious hypocrisy, finding one's voice, and the persistence of love through the story of Kambili Achike, a young Nigerian woman . The last date is today's When Ade Coker is arrested, Papas bravery and position in the community help to free him. This development later charts the course of action that the story will advance. A Nigerian-born priest, Father Amadi is gentle and supportive. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1725 titles we cover. She is outspoken and intelligent and was instrumental in shaping the character of Kambili and Jaja. riddled with potholes. They are encouraged to speak out and are not punished for doing so. Beatrice Achike, or Mama, endures her husband's abuse and watches passively as he violently abuses her children. Watching them, I felt a longing for something I knew I would never have. Kambili, you are precious. His voice quavered now, like someone speaking at a funeral, choked with emotion. Aunty Ifeoma urges her not to return to Enugu. Papa-Nnukwu is a traditionalist, holding on to the faith of his ancestors. Fear. When she first meets Kambili and Jaja, she is critical of their privileged lifestyle and doesnt understand their lack of communication. Kambili struggles with speech, often stuttering or mumbling when others speak to her. it. (large extended family in the village) are cooking huge amounts of food in the backyard. he would be alive now if everyone at the medical center was not on strike.
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